ABSTRACT
Exosomes are naturally nanometer-sized (40-100 nm) vesicles that contribute to the communication among the cells through the proteins, lipids and RNA which they carried. Exosomes derived at different physiological conditions play different role, which therefore can be widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Besides, exosomes as the natural nanomaterials have the unique advantage in drug delivery system. Although the intrinsic advantages of exosomes have evoked a surge of interest, improvements in standardized isolation techniques with high efficiency and robust yield are still a huge challenge. Here, we provide an overview of the isolation and the application of exosomes in drug delivery system.
ABSTRACT
Aim To establish the methods for exosomes isolation from the cell culture medium based on the principle of polyethy-lene glycol (PEG) precipitation combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation. Methods Exosomes were extracted by different centrifugation, PEG6000 precipitation combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation and EXO Quick kit,respectively. The mor-phology and particle size of exosomes were analyzed by transmis-sion electron microscopy,NanoSight ZS and Nano-particle track-er(NTA). Western blot assay was used to identify if the extrac-tion were exosomes. Results According to PEG6000 precipita-tion combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation method, the exosomes were successfully isolated from the culture medium. The morphology and particle size of exosomes,the exosomes iso-lated from PEG6000 precipitation combined with ultra-high speed centrifugation were equal to those of the ultra-high speed centrifugation but smaller to EXO Quick kit. What's more, the results of transmission electron microscopy showed that the three methods had typical discoid vesicles. Conclusion The im-provement of the exosome isolation from cell culture medium is convenient,easy and cheap.